What are the two main sources of Halacha?

The two main sources of Halacha are indeed the Written Torah and the Oral Torah. The Written Torah refers to the Five Books of Moses (the Chumash), which contain the foundational texts of Jewish law and commandments. These texts are considered divine and are the primary source of Jewish legal principles.

The Oral Torah complements the Written Torah by providing interpretation, clarification, and practical application of the laws contained within the Written Torah. It includes the Mishnah, Gemara, and other rabbinic writings that elucidate the written law and expand upon it through discussion, reasoning, and various legal traditions. This dual system allows for a dynamic application of the law as circumstances evolve and new situations arise.

While the other options mention important aspects of Jewish tradition and thought, they do not constitute the primary sources of Halacha. Scriptural texts and historical accounts may provide context and framework for Jewish life, but they lack the specific legal authority of the predominantly recognized sources of Jewish law. Jewish philosophy and ethics, while foundational to Jewish thought, are not categorized as primary sources of legal rulings. Similarly, Halachic literature and folklore might reflect cultural practices or interpretations but do not serve as the bedrock of Halachic decision-making.